Abstract：【Objective】To retrospectively analyze the risk factors of late onset hemorrhagic cystitis (LOHC) in children with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT). 【Methods】The clinical data of 140 children treated with Allo-HSCT in our hospital from October 2018 to August 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, and their clinical characteristics were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related risk factors of Allo-HSCT with delayed hemorrhagic cystitis. 【Results】Among 140 patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, 36 patients developed hemorrhagic cystitis (25.71%). The occurrence time was 7-116 days after transplantation, and the median time was 30 days after transplantation. The duration varies from 4 to 60 days, with a median of 11 days. Two patients died due to other serious transplantation related complications at the same time, and 34 patients achieved complete remission. Allo-HSCT patients with treatment schemes including cetipar, aGVHD and CMV after transplantation had a higher probability of LOHC (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that pretreatment with Thiotepa and cytomegalovirus were independent risk factors for LOHC in Allo-HSCT patients. 【Conclusion】Pretreatment regimen containing Thiotepa and cytomegalovirus (CMV) after transplantation are independent risk factors for LOHC.
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