Abstract:【Objective】 To investigate the effects of video-assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) surgery on serum infectivity, peripheral circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and serum tumor markers in patients with NSCLC. 【Methods】 Eigity-six86 patients with NSCLC were divided into VATS group (group A) and traditional thoracotomy group (group B). Serum levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), calcitonin procalcitonin (PCT), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), CTCs were compared between the two groups before and 24 hours after operation. The changes of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cell keratin 19 fragment (CYFRA2-1) were compared between the two groups before and 1 month after operation.【Results】 The serum levels of CRP,PCT,TNF-α, IL-1β and CTCs in group A were significantly lower than those in group B 24 hours after operation (P>0.05). One month after operation, the serum VEGF,MMP-9,CEA,CYFRA2-1 level in the two groups was significantly lower than that before operation (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).【Conclusion】 Compared with the traditional open chest surgery, the patients with NSCLC treated with VATS has less influence on the serum infection index, the degree of tumor cell dissemination is lower, and the serum tumor markers are reduced to the same extent after operation.