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| Changes of Trace Elements and Th1/Th2 in Children with Recurrent Upper Respiratory Tract Infection and their Significance |
| ZI Min, MA Hongxia |
| Department of General Pediatrics, Shenmu Hospital, Yulin Shaanxi 719300 |
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Abstract 【Objective】To investigate the changes and significance of trace elements and helper T cell 1 (Th1)/Helper T cell 2 (Th2) in children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infection (RRTI). 【Methods】Sixty-two children with RRTI admitted to our hospital from October 2019 to October 2021 (the observation group) were selected, and 60 healthy children (the control group) who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected. General information, trace elements [iron (Fe), lead (Pb), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca)] and Th1/Th2 levels of the two groups were compared. The correlation between trace elements and Th1/Th2 was analyzed by Pearson, and the influencing factors of RRTI were analyzed by Logistic regression. 【Results】There were no significant differences in gender, age, body mass index (BMI), preterm birth, cesarean section, malnutrition and outdoor activities between the two groups (P>0.05). The proportion of family member's smoking and using antibacterial drugs ≥3 times/year in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the proportion of breastfeeding was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in Pb and Mg levels between the two groups (P>0.05). Fe, Zn, Ca and Th1/Th2 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that Fe, Zn, Ca were positively correlated with Th1/Th2 (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that family members smoking, antimicrobial use times ≥3 times/year and low Fe, Zn, Ca, Th1/Th2 were all risk factors for RRTI development, and breastfeeding was a protective factor for RRTI development (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Trace element deficiency in children with RRTI is closely related to Th1/Th2 immune balance, and is an important factor affecting the development of RRTI.
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Received: 31 May 2023
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2025, Vol. 42 
