Distribution Characteristics of Allergens in Juvenile Allergic Rhinitis in Xiamen
HE Jing-jing, GAO Jing, QIU Qian-hui
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xiamen University ,Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Fujian, Xiamen, 361003, China
Abstract：【Objective】To understand the allergen characteristics, age, gender and season of high incidence of juvenile Allergic Rhinitis (AR) in Xiamen, as well as the general trend of its incidence in recent years, and to master AR overall characteristics and incidence situation. This study can provide accurate basis and guidance for health education, preventive medication and specific immunotherapy for AR patients in this area. 【Methods】The results of SPT (Skin Prick Test) of 2639 juvenile clinically suspected AR patients in Xiamen area from January 2016 to December 2019 were collected, and the allergen results were collated and analyzed. 【Results】The positive rates of allergens from high to low were dust mite (68.62%), house dust mite (68.09%), cockroach (19.78%), animal hair (1.89%), weed (0.42%), mold Ⅰ(0.38%), mold Ⅱ(0.19%) and mango (0.08%), respectively. There were 971 cases in 1 to 6 years old preschool group, 1344 cases in 7 to 13 years old school group, and 324 cases in 14 to 17 years old adolescent group. Males were significantly more than females in each group. The highest number of patients was in 2017, followed by 2016, and there were the fewest cases in 2018 and 2019. There were 1048 cases (39.71%) in summer, 533 cases (20.20%) in spring, 524 cases (19.86%) in autumn and 534 cases (20.23%) in winter, respectively. The positive rates of dust mites, house dust mites, cockroaches and animal hairs were statistically different among the three age groups, while the positive rates of weeds, mold Ⅰ, mold Ⅱ and mango were not statistically different among the three age groups. 【Conclusion】The majority of juvenile AR patients in Xiamen area are perennial AR, mainly male patients with high incidence in summer. The onset age is the most common in school age, followed by the early school and the adolescence. The most common allergens are dust mites, house dust mites and cockroaches. The positive rate of dust mite, house dust mite, cockroach and animal hairs are increasing with age. However, in recent years, the incidence of juvenile AR patients in Xiamen has been decreasing.
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2021, Vol. 38 
