妊娠期糖尿病孕妇脐带血维生素D水平与胎儿脑发育异常的相关性及维生素D<sub>3</sub>的干预效果

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-7171.2025.08.020

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摘要【目的】探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇脐带血维生素D水平与胎儿脑发育异常的相关性及维生素D₃的干预效果。【方法】选取2023年1月至2025年1月在本院诊治的80例GDM孕妇,根据随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。对照组按照常规的产科护理和GDM管理指南进行治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予维生素D₃补充治疗。比较两组孕妇血液中维生素D水平、脐带血中维生素D水平、胎儿脑部发育情况[新生儿20项行为神经评分法(NBNA)评分、颅内超声指标]、妊娠结局,分析维生素D水平与胎儿脑部发育的相关性。【结果】观察组孕妇血液中维生素D水平、脐带血中维生素D水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组新生儿NBNA评分高于对照组,胼胝体长度、小脑蚓部矢状长度、胰岛周长均显著长于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组新生儿Apgar评分≤7分占比显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。孕妇血液中维生素D水平、脐带血中维生素D水平与新生儿NBNA评分、颅内超声异常率显著相关(P<0.05)。【结论】GDM孕妇脐带血中维生素D水平与胎儿脑发育异常显著相关。维生素D₃的补充可有效提升GDM孕妇脐带血中维生素D水平,并可能对改善胎儿脑部发育产生积极影响。

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	丁青
	武肖静
	李兵飞

关键词 ：糖尿病,妊娠, 胎血, 维生素D, 胎儿发育

Abstract：【Objective】To investigate the relationship between umbilical cord blood vitamin D levels and fetal brain development abnormalities in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), as well as the intervention effect of vitamin D₃.【Methods】 A total of 80 GDM pregnant women diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2023 to January 2025 were selected and divided into an observation group and a control group according to the random number table method, with 40 cases in each group. The control group received treatment according to conventional obstetric care and GDM management guidelines, while the observation group received additional vitamin D₃ supplementation based on the control group's treatment. The vitamin D levels in maternal blood and umbilical cord blood, fetal brain development [assessed by the Neonatal 20-Item Behavioral Neurological Assessment (NBNA) score and intracranial ultrasound indicators], and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups. The correlation between vitamin D levels and fetal brain development was analyzed. 【Results】The vitamin D levels in maternal blood and umbilical cord blood in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The NBNA score of newborns in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the corpus callosum length, sagittal length of the cerebellar vermis, and pancreatic islet circumference were significantly longer than those in the control group (P<0.05). The proportion of newborns with an Apgar score ≤7 in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Vitamin D levels in maternal blood and umbilical cord blood were significantly correlated with the NBNA score and intracranial ultrasound abnormality rate of newborns (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Umbilical cord blood vitamin D levels in GDM pregnant women are significantly correlated with fetal brain development abnormalities. Vitamin D₃ supplementation can effectively increase umbilical cord blood vitamin D levels in GDM pregnant women and may positively influence the improvement of fetal brain development.

Key words： Diabetes, Gestational Fetal Blood Vitamin D Fetal Development

收稿日期: 2025-06-04

中图分类号:

R714.256

引用本文:

丁青, 武肖静, 李兵飞. 妊娠期糖尿病孕妇脐带血维生素D水平与胎儿脑发育异常的相关性及维生素D₃的干预效果[J]. 医学临床研究, 2025, 42(8): 1363-1366.
DING Qing, WU Xiaojing, LI Bingfei. Relationship between Umbilical Cord Blood Vitamin D Levels and Fetal Brain Development Abnormalities in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and the Intervention Effect of Vitamin D₃. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RESEARCH, 2025, 42(8): 1363-1366.

链接本文:

http://journal07.magtech.org.cn/yxlcyj/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1671-7171.2025.08.020 或 http://journal07.magtech.org.cn/yxlcyj/CN/Y2025/V42/I8/1363

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