Abstract 【Objective】 To investigate the expression of Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) in the peripheral blood of elderly patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and their correlation with T lymphocytes. 【Methods】A total of 86 elderly CHB patients (observation group) admitted to two hospitals from March 2020 to April 2021 were selected and divided into mild group (n=41), moderate group (n=32), and severe group (n=13) based on their severity. All patients were treated with Entecavir, and were divided into the acquired group (n=39) and the non acquired group (n=47) according to whether they received complete response after 48 weeks of treatment. The levels of PD-1, PD-L1, and T lymphocytes (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+) were compared between the observation group and the control group. We analyzed the correlation between the levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 in the study group and T lymphocytes, as well as the severity of the disease. ROC analysis was conducted to assess the predictive value of PD-1 and PD-L1 for complete response.【Results】Compared with the control group, the observation group showed a decrease in CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, while PD-1, PD-L1, and CD8+increased (P<0.05). The levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 in T cells of the severe, moderate, and mild groups showed a decreasing trend (P<0.05). The levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 were negatively correlated with CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, and positively correlated with CD8+and disease severity (P<0.05). The levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 in the acquired group were lower than those in the non acquired group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The results of Receiver operating characteristic showed that PD-1 and PD-L1 had a certain predictive value for the clinical efficacy of antiviral therapy in elderly CHB patients (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 in T cells of elderly CHB patients are elevated and closely related to T lymphocyte function, which can indirectly evaluate the progression of CHB and have high predictive value for the antiviral efficacy of patients.
LI TONG,SUN Yuan-yuan. The Expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in Elderly CHB Patients and their Correlation with T Lymphocyte Function[J]. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RESEARCH, 2023, 40(7): 995-997.
2023, Vol. 40 
