儿童7万余组次变应原特异性IgE检测结果分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-7171.2016.12.001

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摘要【目的】分析儿童临床常见环境类及食物类变应原的种类。【方法】收集本院皮肤科变应反应研究室近三年对0～16岁儿童血清变应原特异性IgE检测结果,统计不同种类变应原特异性IgE的检测量、阳性结果量及阳性率;将受检者按年龄分为四组,统计不同组别各个变应原的阳性率。【结果】三年期间,儿童血清变应原特异性IgE检测共71794组次,其中环境类34306组次,占47.78%;食物类37488组次,占52.22%。环境类变应原特异性IgE检测7大类,阳性率从高到低依次为尘螨23.28%、屋尘8.52%、动物皮毛屑7.85%、树木花粉4.24%、霉菌2.04%、昆虫1.78%、草花粉0.88%;食物类变应原特异性IgE检测10大类,阳性率从高到低依次为牛奶10.08%、鸡蛋8.97%、水果4.13%、花生3.67%、小麦3.46%、其他食物(其他类食物包含猪肉、鸡肉、羊肉、牛肉、大米、西红柿等)2.52%、大豆1.96%、鱼1.60%、虾蟹1.59%、坚果1.09%。受检者不同年龄组的环境类变应原均为尘螨阳性率最高,远高于其他环境类变应原,且在学龄前组和学龄组的阳性率为婴幼儿组的近两倍及以上;除尘螨外,屋尘、动物皮毛屑、树木花粉亦是各年龄阶段常见的阳性变应原,学龄期组儿童霉菌的阳性率明显高于其他年龄组。在食物类变应原的检测中,各年龄组均为牛奶阳性率最高;0～4个月组别中,除牛奶外其他食物类变应原阳性少见;从4～12个月的年龄组开始,各类食物的阳性率均有明显增长。【结论】尘螨、屋尘、动物皮毛屑和牛奶、鸡蛋是儿童最主要的变应原,不同年龄阶段主要变应原的种类并不一致。

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关键词 ：变应原, 免疫球蛋白E, 儿童

Abstract：【Objective】To analyze the common environmental and food allergens in children. 【Methods】The results of allergen specific IgE detection in children aged 0 ~ 16 years in the Allergic Reaction Laboratory of Department of Dermatology in our hospital were collected; the quantity, positive results and positive rate of different allergen specific IgE of the detection were counted; The subjects were divided into four groups according to age, and the positive rates of allergens in different groups .【Results】During the three years, 71,794 detections of serum allergen specific IgE in children were conducted, among them, 34,306 times were concerned with environment, accounting for 47.78%; 37,488 times with food , accounting for 52.22%. The detection of environmental allergen specific IgE were divided into 7 categories, the positive rate were 23.28% for dust mites, 8.52% for house dust, 7.85% for animal fur and chip, 4.24% for tree pollen ,2.04% for fungi, 1.78% for insects and 0.88% for grass pollen, respectively ; Detection of food allergen specific IgE were divided into 10 categories, the positive rates were 10.08% for milk, 8.97% for egg, 4.13% for fruit, 3.46% for wheat, 3.67% for peanut, 2.52% for other foods (including pork, chicken, mutton, beef, rice, tomatoes, etc.), 1.96% for soybean, 1.60% for fish, 1.59% for crabs and 1.09% for nut respectively .The positive rate of dust mite was the highest among the environmental allergens in different age groups of subjects. The positive rate of preschool group and school-age group was nearly two times higher than that of the infant group. In addition to dust mites, house dust, animal fur scraps and tree pollen were also positive common allergen in each age stage. The fungi positive rate of children in school age group was significantly higher than that of other age groups. In the detection of food allergens, the milk positive rate was the highest in all age groups. Among 0 ~ 4 months group, other food allergen positive was rare except for milk; from 4 to 12 months of age group, the positive rate of all kinds of food increased significantly.【Conclusion】 Dust mites, house dust, animal fur debris, cow's milk and eggs were the most common allergens in children. Primary allergen at different ages are not consistent.

Key words： Allergens Immunoglobulin E Child

收稿日期: 2016-06-20

PACS:

R392.33

基金资助:湖南省自然科学基金项目(14JJ2146)

引用本文:

何谢玲;汤建萍;韦祝;常静;唐金玲. 儿童7万余组次变应原特异性IgE检测结果分析[J]. 医学临床研究, 2016, 33(12): 2289-2293,2294.
HE Xie-ling, TANG Jian-ping, WEI Zhu, et al. Analysis of More than 70 Thousands Allergy Specific IgE Tests In Children. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RESEARCH, 2016, 33(12): 2289-2293,2294.

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http://www.jcr.net.cn/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1671-7171.2016.12.001 或 http://www.jcr.net.cn/CN/Y2016/V33/I12/2289

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