Abstract：【Objective】To evaluate bacterial distribution characteristics of respiratory tract infection in children in Hunan province before using antibiotics for providing etiology basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment in this region. 【Methods】Children with acute respiratory tract infections who did not use antibiotics in Changsha, Xiangtan, Hunan, Yueyang, Changde, Hengyang, Shaoyang, Chenzhou, and 12 other sentinel units from March 2012 to December 2014 were treated as the objects of study. Nasopharyngeal swab specimens for bacterial culture were collected for bacterial culture, combined with clinical data for statistical analysis. 【Results】Among 886 nasopharyngeal swab specimens from children with respiratory tract infection, 188 (21.22%) cases had positive bacterial culture. Streptococcus pneumoniae (8.24%)、Moraxella catarrhalis (3.05%)、Haemophilusinfluenzae (2.60%) were most common. Among different age groups, bacteria detection rate in the ≤ 6 months group was higher than in the other 4 groups; there were statistically significant differences.There was also statistically significant differences in the rate of bacteria detection among different seasons; the highest rate being in spring and lowest being in summer. The sample inspection time had a certain effect on the bacterial culture positivity rate, but the difference was not statistically significant. 【Conclusion】The most common bacterial pathogen of respiratory tract infections in Hunan province children are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Haemophilusinfluenzae, in that order. The detection rate of bacterial pathogens varies amongst different ages and seasons. Sample inspection time on the bacterial detection rate had no significant effect.
2016, Vol. 33 
